1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1328 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1352 1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 1368 1369 1370 1371 1372 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378 1379 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 1389 1390 1391 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 1397 1398 1399 1400 1401 1402 1403 1404 1405 1406 1407 1408 1409 1410 1411 1412 1413 1414 1415 1416 1417 1418 1419 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1429 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439 1440 1441 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446 1447 1448 1449 1450 1451 1452 1453 1454 1455 1456 1457 1458 1459 1460 1461 1462 1463 1464 1465 1466 1467 1468 1469 1470 1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479 1480 1481 1482 1483 1484 1485 1486 1487 1488 1489 1490 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495 1496 1497 1498 1499 1500 1501 1502 1503 1504 1505 1506 1507 1508 1509 1510 1511 1512 1513 1514 1515 1516 1517 1518 1519 1520 1521 1522 1523 1524 1525 1526 1527 1528 1529 1530 1531 1532 1533 1534 1535
// This is a part of Chrono.
// See README.md and LICENSE.txt for details.
//! # Chrono: Date and Time for Rust
//!
//! It aims to be a feature-complete superset of
//! the [time](https://github.com/rust-lang-deprecated/time) library.
//! In particular,
//!
//! * Chrono strictly adheres to ISO 8601.
//! * Chrono is timezone-aware by default, with separate timezone-naive types.
//! * Chrono is space-optimal and (while not being the primary goal) reasonably efficient.
//!
//! There were several previous attempts to bring a good date and time library to Rust,
//! which Chrono builds upon and should acknowledge:
//!
//! * [Initial research on
//! the wiki](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-wiki-backup/blob/master/Lib-datetime.md)
//! * Dietrich Epp's [datetime-rs](https://github.com/depp/datetime-rs)
//! * Luis de Bethencourt's [rust-datetime](https://github.com/luisbg/rust-datetime)
//!
//! Any significant changes to Chrono are documented in
//! the [`CHANGELOG.md`](https://github.com/chronotope/chrono/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md) file.
//!
//! ## Usage
//!
//! Put this in your `Cargo.toml`:
//!
//! ```toml
//! [dependencies]
//! chrono = "0.4"
//! ```
//!
//! ### Features
//!
//! Chrono supports various runtime environments and operating systems, and has
//! several features that may be enabled or disabled.
//!
//! Default features:
//!
//! - `alloc`: Enable features that depend on allocation (primarily string formatting)
//! - `std`: Enables functionality that depends on the standard library. This
//! is a superset of `alloc` and adds interoperation with standard library types
//! and traits.
//! - `clock`: enables reading the system time (`now`), independent of whether
//! `std::time::SystemTime` is present, depends on having a libc.
//!
//! Optional features:
//!
//! - `wasmbind`: Enable integration with [wasm-bindgen][] and its `js-sys` project
//! - [`serde`][]: Enable serialization/deserialization via serde.
//! - `unstable-locales`: Enable localization. This adds various methods with a
//! `_localized` suffix. The implementation and API may change or even be
//! removed in a patch release. Feedback welcome.
//!
//! [`serde`]: https://github.com/serde-rs/serde
//! [wasm-bindgen]: https://github.com/rustwasm/wasm-bindgen
//!
//! See the [cargo docs][] for examples of specifying features.
//!
//! [cargo docs]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/specifying-dependencies.html#choosing-features
//!
//! ## Overview
//!
//! ### Duration
//!
//! Chrono currently uses its own [`Duration`] type to represent the magnitude
//! of a time span. Since this has the same name as the newer, standard type for
//! duration, the reference will refer this type as `OldDuration`.
//!
//! Note that this is an "accurate" duration represented as seconds and
//! nanoseconds and does not represent "nominal" components such as days or
//! months.
//!
//! When the `oldtime` feature is enabled, [`Duration`] is an alias for the
//! [`time::Duration`](https://docs.rs/time/0.1.40/time/struct.Duration.html)
//! type from v0.1 of the time crate. time v0.1 is deprecated, so new code
//! should disable the `oldtime` feature and use the `chrono::Duration` type
//! instead. The `oldtime` feature is enabled by default for backwards
//! compatibility, but future versions of Chrono are likely to remove the
//! feature entirely.
//!
//! Chrono does not yet natively support
//! the standard [`Duration`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/time/struct.Duration.html) type,
//! but it will be supported in the future.
//! Meanwhile you can convert between two types with
//! [`Duration::from_std`](https://docs.rs/time/0.1.40/time/struct.Duration.html#method.from_std)
//! and
//! [`Duration::to_std`](https://docs.rs/time/0.1.40/time/struct.Duration.html#method.to_std)
//! methods.
//!
//! ### Date and Time
//!
//! Chrono provides a
//! [**`DateTime`**](./struct.DateTime.html)
//! type to represent a date and a time in a timezone.
//!
//! For more abstract moment-in-time tracking such as internal timekeeping
//! that is unconcerned with timezones, consider
//! [`time::SystemTime`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/time/struct.SystemTime.html),
//! which tracks your system clock, or
//! [`time::Instant`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/time/struct.Instant.html), which
//! is an opaque but monotonically-increasing representation of a moment in time.
//!
//! `DateTime` is timezone-aware and must be constructed from
//! the [**`TimeZone`**](./offset/trait.TimeZone.html) object,
//! which defines how the local date is converted to and back from the UTC date.
//! There are three well-known `TimeZone` implementations:
//!
//! * [**`Utc`**](./offset/struct.Utc.html) specifies the UTC time zone. It is most efficient.
//!
//! * [**`Local`**](./offset/struct.Local.html) specifies the system local time zone.
//!
//! * [**`FixedOffset`**](./offset/struct.FixedOffset.html) specifies
//! an arbitrary, fixed time zone such as UTC+09:00 or UTC-10:30.
//! This often results from the parsed textual date and time.
//! Since it stores the most information and does not depend on the system environment,
//! you would want to normalize other `TimeZone`s into this type.
//!
//! `DateTime`s with different `TimeZone` types are distinct and do not mix,
//! but can be converted to each other using
//! the [`DateTime::with_timezone`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.with_timezone) method.
//!
//! You can get the current date and time in the UTC time zone
//! ([`Utc::now()`](./offset/struct.Utc.html#method.now))
//! or in the local time zone
//! ([`Local::now()`](./offset/struct.Local.html#method.now)).
//!
//! ```rust
//! use chrono::prelude::*;
//!
//! let utc: DateTime<Utc> = Utc::now(); // e.g. `2014-11-28T12:45:59.324310806Z`
//! let local: DateTime<Local> = Local::now(); // e.g. `2014-11-28T21:45:59.324310806+09:00`
//! # let _ = utc; let _ = local;
//! ```
//!
//! Alternatively, you can create your own date and time.
//! This is a bit verbose due to Rust's lack of function and method overloading,
//! but in turn we get a rich combination of initialization methods.
//!
//! ```rust
//! use chrono::prelude::*;
//! use chrono::offset::LocalResult;
//!
//! let dt = Utc.ymd(2014, 7, 8).and_hms(9, 10, 11); // `2014-07-08T09:10:11Z`
//! // July 8 is 188th day of the year 2014 (`o` for "ordinal")
//! assert_eq!(dt, Utc.yo(2014, 189).and_hms(9, 10, 11));
//! // July 8 is Tuesday in ISO week 28 of the year 2014.
//! assert_eq!(dt, Utc.isoywd(2014, 28, Weekday::Tue).and_hms(9, 10, 11));
//!
//! let dt = Utc.ymd(2014, 7, 8).and_hms_milli(9, 10, 11, 12); // `2014-07-08T09:10:11.012Z`
//! assert_eq!(dt, Utc.ymd(2014, 7, 8).and_hms_micro(9, 10, 11, 12_000));
//! assert_eq!(dt, Utc.ymd(2014, 7, 8).and_hms_nano(9, 10, 11, 12_000_000));
//!
//! // dynamic verification
//! assert_eq!(Utc.ymd_opt(2014, 7, 8).and_hms_opt(21, 15, 33),
//! LocalResult::Single(Utc.ymd(2014, 7, 8).and_hms(21, 15, 33)));
//! assert_eq!(Utc.ymd_opt(2014, 7, 8).and_hms_opt(80, 15, 33), LocalResult::None);
//! assert_eq!(Utc.ymd_opt(2014, 7, 38).and_hms_opt(21, 15, 33), LocalResult::None);
//!
//! // other time zone objects can be used to construct a local datetime.
//! // obviously, `local_dt` is normally different from `dt`, but `fixed_dt` should be identical.
//! let local_dt = Local.ymd(2014, 7, 8).and_hms_milli(9, 10, 11, 12);
//! let fixed_dt = FixedOffset::east(9 * 3600).ymd(2014, 7, 8).and_hms_milli(18, 10, 11, 12);
//! assert_eq!(dt, fixed_dt);
//! # let _ = local_dt;
//! ```
//!
//! Various properties are available to the date and time, and can be altered individually.
//! Most of them are defined in the traits [`Datelike`](./trait.Datelike.html) and
//! [`Timelike`](./trait.Timelike.html) which you should `use` before.
//! Addition and subtraction is also supported.
//! The following illustrates most supported operations to the date and time:
//!
//! ```rust
//! # extern crate chrono;
//!
//! # fn main() {
//! use chrono::prelude::*;
//! use chrono::Duration;
//!
//! // assume this returned `2014-11-28T21:45:59.324310806+09:00`:
//! let dt = FixedOffset::east(9*3600).ymd(2014, 11, 28).and_hms_nano(21, 45, 59, 324310806);
//!
//! // property accessors
//! assert_eq!((dt.year(), dt.month(), dt.day()), (2014, 11, 28));
//! assert_eq!((dt.month0(), dt.day0()), (10, 27)); // for unfortunate souls
//! assert_eq!((dt.hour(), dt.minute(), dt.second()), (21, 45, 59));
//! assert_eq!(dt.weekday(), Weekday::Fri);
//! assert_eq!(dt.weekday().number_from_monday(), 5); // Mon=1, ..., Sun=7
//! assert_eq!(dt.ordinal(), 332); // the day of year
//! assert_eq!(dt.num_days_from_ce(), 735565); // the number of days from and including Jan 1, 1
//!
//! // time zone accessor and manipulation
//! assert_eq!(dt.offset().fix().local_minus_utc(), 9 * 3600);
//! assert_eq!(dt.timezone(), FixedOffset::east(9 * 3600));
//! assert_eq!(dt.with_timezone(&Utc), Utc.ymd(2014, 11, 28).and_hms_nano(12, 45, 59, 324310806));
//!
//! // a sample of property manipulations (validates dynamically)
//! assert_eq!(dt.with_day(29).unwrap().weekday(), Weekday::Sat); // 2014-11-29 is Saturday
//! assert_eq!(dt.with_day(32), None);
//! assert_eq!(dt.with_year(-300).unwrap().num_days_from_ce(), -109606); // November 29, 301 BCE
//!
//! // arithmetic operations
//! let dt1 = Utc.ymd(2014, 11, 14).and_hms(8, 9, 10);
//! let dt2 = Utc.ymd(2014, 11, 14).and_hms(10, 9, 8);
//! assert_eq!(dt1.signed_duration_since(dt2), Duration::seconds(-2 * 3600 + 2));
//! assert_eq!(dt2.signed_duration_since(dt1), Duration::seconds(2 * 3600 - 2));
//! assert_eq!(Utc.ymd(1970, 1, 1).and_hms(0, 0, 0) + Duration::seconds(1_000_000_000),
//! Utc.ymd(2001, 9, 9).and_hms(1, 46, 40));
//! assert_eq!(Utc.ymd(1970, 1, 1).and_hms(0, 0, 0) - Duration::seconds(1_000_000_000),
//! Utc.ymd(1938, 4, 24).and_hms(22, 13, 20));
//! # }
//! ```
//!
//! ### Formatting and Parsing
//!
//! Formatting is done via the [`format`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.format) method,
//! which format is equivalent to the familiar `strftime` format.
//!
//! See [`format::strftime`](./format/strftime/index.html#specifiers)
//! documentation for full syntax and list of specifiers.
//!
//! The default `to_string` method and `{:?}` specifier also give a reasonable representation.
//! Chrono also provides [`to_rfc2822`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.to_rfc2822) and
//! [`to_rfc3339`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.to_rfc3339) methods
//! for well-known formats.
//!
//! Chrono now also provides date formatting in almost any language without the
//! help of an additional C library. This functionality is under the feature
//! `unstable-locales`:
//!
//! ```text
//! chrono { version = "0.4", features = ["unstable-locales"]
//! ```
//!
//! The `unstable-locales` feature requires and implies at least the `alloc` feature.
//!
//! ```rust
//! use chrono::prelude::*;
//!
//! let dt = Utc.ymd(2014, 11, 28).and_hms(12, 0, 9);
//! assert_eq!(dt.format("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S").to_string(), "2014-11-28 12:00:09");
//! assert_eq!(dt.format("%a %b %e %T %Y").to_string(), "Fri Nov 28 12:00:09 2014");
//! assert_eq!(dt.format_localized("%A %e %B %Y, %T", Locale::fr_BE).to_string(), "vendredi 28 novembre 2014, 12:00:09");
//! assert_eq!(dt.format("%a %b %e %T %Y").to_string(), dt.format("%c").to_string());
//!
//! assert_eq!(dt.to_string(), "2014-11-28 12:00:09 UTC");
//! assert_eq!(dt.to_rfc2822(), "Fri, 28 Nov 2014 12:00:09 +0000");
//! assert_eq!(dt.to_rfc3339(), "2014-11-28T12:00:09+00:00");
//! assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", dt), "2014-11-28T12:00:09Z");
//!
//! // Note that milli/nanoseconds are only printed if they are non-zero
//! let dt_nano = Utc.ymd(2014, 11, 28).and_hms_nano(12, 0, 9, 1);
//! assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", dt_nano), "2014-11-28T12:00:09.000000001Z");
//! ```
//!
//! Parsing can be done with three methods:
//!
//! 1. The standard [`FromStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/str/trait.FromStr.html) trait
//! (and [`parse`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html#method.parse) method
//! on a string) can be used for parsing `DateTime<FixedOffset>`, `DateTime<Utc>` and
//! `DateTime<Local>` values. This parses what the `{:?}`
//! ([`std::fmt::Debug`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/trait.Debug.html))
//! format specifier prints, and requires the offset to be present.
//!
//! 2. [`DateTime::parse_from_str`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.parse_from_str) parses
//! a date and time with offsets and returns `DateTime<FixedOffset>`.
//! This should be used when the offset is a part of input and the caller cannot guess that.
//! It *cannot* be used when the offset can be missing.
//! [`DateTime::parse_from_rfc2822`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.parse_from_rfc2822)
//! and
//! [`DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.parse_from_rfc3339)
//! are similar but for well-known formats.
//!
//! 3. [`Offset::datetime_from_str`](./offset/trait.TimeZone.html#method.datetime_from_str) is
//! similar but returns `DateTime` of given offset.
//! When the explicit offset is missing from the input, it simply uses given offset.
//! It issues an error when the input contains an explicit offset different
//! from the current offset.
//!
//! More detailed control over the parsing process is available via
//! [`format`](./format/index.html) module.
//!
//! ```rust
//! use chrono::prelude::*;
//!
//! let dt = Utc.ymd(2014, 11, 28).and_hms(12, 0, 9);
//! let fixed_dt = dt.with_timezone(&FixedOffset::east(9*3600));
//!
//! // method 1
//! assert_eq!("2014-11-28T12:00:09Z".parse::<DateTime<Utc>>(), Ok(dt.clone()));
//! assert_eq!("2014-11-28T21:00:09+09:00".parse::<DateTime<Utc>>(), Ok(dt.clone()));
//! assert_eq!("2014-11-28T21:00:09+09:00".parse::<DateTime<FixedOffset>>(), Ok(fixed_dt.clone()));
//!
//! // method 2
//! assert_eq!(DateTime::parse_from_str("2014-11-28 21:00:09 +09:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z"),
//! Ok(fixed_dt.clone()));
//! assert_eq!(DateTime::parse_from_rfc2822("Fri, 28 Nov 2014 21:00:09 +0900"),
//! Ok(fixed_dt.clone()));
//! assert_eq!(DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339("2014-11-28T21:00:09+09:00"), Ok(fixed_dt.clone()));
//!
//! // method 3
//! assert_eq!(Utc.datetime_from_str("2014-11-28 12:00:09", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"), Ok(dt.clone()));
//! assert_eq!(Utc.datetime_from_str("Fri Nov 28 12:00:09 2014", "%a %b %e %T %Y"), Ok(dt.clone()));
//!
//! // oops, the year is missing!
//! assert!(Utc.datetime_from_str("Fri Nov 28 12:00:09", "%a %b %e %T %Y").is_err());
//! // oops, the format string does not include the year at all!
//! assert!(Utc.datetime_from_str("Fri Nov 28 12:00:09", "%a %b %e %T").is_err());
//! // oops, the weekday is incorrect!
//! assert!(Utc.datetime_from_str("Sat Nov 28 12:00:09 2014", "%a %b %e %T %Y").is_err());
//! ```
//!
//! Again : See [`format::strftime`](./format/strftime/index.html#specifiers)
//! documentation for full syntax and list of specifiers.
//!
//! ### Conversion from and to EPOCH timestamps
//!
//! Use [`Utc.timestamp(seconds, nanoseconds)`](./offset/trait.TimeZone.html#method.timestamp)
//! to construct a [`DateTime<Utc>`](./struct.DateTime.html) from a UNIX timestamp
//! (seconds, nanoseconds that passed since January 1st 1970).
//!
//! Use [`DateTime.timestamp`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.timestamp) to get the timestamp (in seconds)
//! from a [`DateTime`](./struct.DateTime.html). Additionally, you can use
//! [`DateTime.timestamp_subsec_nanos`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.timestamp_subsec_nanos)
//! to get the number of additional number of nanoseconds.
//!
//! ```rust
//! // We need the trait in scope to use Utc::timestamp().
//! use chrono::{DateTime, TimeZone, Utc};
//!
//! // Construct a datetime from epoch:
//! let dt = Utc.timestamp(1_500_000_000, 0);
//! assert_eq!(dt.to_rfc2822(), "Fri, 14 Jul 2017 02:40:00 +0000");
//!
//! // Get epoch value from a datetime:
//! let dt = DateTime::parse_from_rfc2822("Fri, 14 Jul 2017 02:40:00 +0000").unwrap();
//! assert_eq!(dt.timestamp(), 1_500_000_000);
//! ```
//!
//! ### Individual date
//!
//! Chrono also provides an individual date type ([**`Date`**](./struct.Date.html)).
//! It also has time zones attached, and have to be constructed via time zones.
//! Most operations available to `DateTime` are also available to `Date` whenever appropriate.
//!
//! ```rust
//! use chrono::prelude::*;
//! use chrono::offset::LocalResult;
//!
//! # // these *may* fail, but only very rarely. just rerun the test if you were that unfortunate ;)
//! assert_eq!(Utc::today(), Utc::now().date());
//! assert_eq!(Local::today(), Local::now().date());
//!
//! assert_eq!(Utc.ymd(2014, 11, 28).weekday(), Weekday::Fri);
//! assert_eq!(Utc.ymd_opt(2014, 11, 31), LocalResult::None);
//! assert_eq!(Utc.ymd(2014, 11, 28).and_hms_milli(7, 8, 9, 10).format("%H%M%S").to_string(),
//! "070809");
//! ```
//!
//! There is no timezone-aware `Time` due to the lack of usefulness and also the complexity.
//!
//! `DateTime` has [`date`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.date) method
//! which returns a `Date` which represents its date component.
//! There is also a [`time`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.time) method,
//! which simply returns a naive local time described below.
//!
//! ### Naive date and time
//!
//! Chrono provides naive counterparts to `Date`, (non-existent) `Time` and `DateTime`
//! as [**`NaiveDate`**](./naive/struct.NaiveDate.html),
//! [**`NaiveTime`**](./naive/struct.NaiveTime.html) and
//! [**`NaiveDateTime`**](./naive/struct.NaiveDateTime.html) respectively.
//!
//! They have almost equivalent interfaces as their timezone-aware twins,
//! but are not associated to time zones obviously and can be quite low-level.
//! They are mostly useful for building blocks for higher-level types.
//!
//! Timezone-aware `DateTime` and `Date` types have two methods returning naive versions:
//! [`naive_local`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.naive_local) returns
//! a view to the naive local time,
//! and [`naive_utc`](./struct.DateTime.html#method.naive_utc) returns
//! a view to the naive UTC time.
//!
//! ## Limitations
//!
//! Only proleptic Gregorian calendar (i.e. extended to support older dates) is supported.
//! Be very careful if you really have to deal with pre-20C dates, they can be in Julian or others.
//!
//! Date types are limited in about +/- 262,000 years from the common epoch.
//! Time types are limited in the nanosecond accuracy.
//!
//! [Leap seconds are supported in the representation but
//! Chrono doesn't try to make use of them](./naive/struct.NaiveTime.html#leap-second-handling).
//! (The main reason is that leap seconds are not really predictable.)
//! Almost *every* operation over the possible leap seconds will ignore them.
//! Consider using `NaiveDateTime` with the implicit TAI (International Atomic Time) scale
//! if you want.
//!
//! Chrono inherently does not support an inaccurate or partial date and time representation.
//! Any operation that can be ambiguous will return `None` in such cases.
//! For example, "a month later" of 2014-01-30 is not well-defined
//! and consequently `Utc.ymd(2014, 1, 30).with_month(2)` returns `None`.
//!
//! Non ISO week handling is not yet supported.
//! For now you can use the [chrono_ext](https://crates.io/crates/chrono_ext)
//! crate ([sources](https://github.com/bcourtine/chrono-ext/)).
//!
//! Advanced time zone handling is not yet supported.
//! For now you can try the [Chrono-tz](https://github.com/chronotope/chrono-tz/) crate instead.
#![doc(html_root_url = "https://docs.rs/chrono/latest/")]
#![cfg_attr(feature = "bench", feature(test))] // lib stability features as per RFC #507
#![deny(missing_docs)]
#![deny(missing_debug_implementations)]
#![deny(dead_code)]
// lints are added all the time, we test on 1.13
#![allow(unknown_lints)]
#![cfg_attr(not(any(feature = "std", test)), no_std)]
#![cfg_attr(feature = "cargo-clippy", allow(
renamed_and_removed_lints,
// The explicit 'static lifetimes are still needed for rustc 1.13-16
// backward compatibility, and this appeases clippy. If minimum rustc
// becomes 1.17, should be able to remove this, those 'static lifetimes,
// and use `static` in a lot of places `const` is used now.
redundant_static_lifetimes,
// Similarly, redundant_field_names lints on not using the
// field-init-shorthand, which was stabilized in rust 1.17.
redundant_field_names,
// Changing trivially_copy_pass_by_ref would require an incompatible version
// bump.
trivially_copy_pass_by_ref,
try_err,
// Currently deprecated, we use the separate implementation to add docs
// warning that putting a time in a hash table is probably a bad idea
derive_hash_xor_eq,
))]
#[cfg(feature = "alloc")]
extern crate alloc;
#[cfg(all(feature = "std", not(feature = "alloc")))]
extern crate std as alloc;
#[cfg(any(feature = "std", test))]
extern crate std as core;
#[cfg(feature = "oldtime")]
extern crate time as oldtime;
#[cfg(not(feature = "oldtime"))]
mod oldtime;
#[cfg(feature = "clock")]
extern crate libc;
#[cfg(all(feature = "clock", windows))]
extern crate winapi;
#[cfg(all(
feature = "clock",
not(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "wasi"), feature = "wasmbind"))
))]
mod sys;
extern crate num_integer;
extern crate num_traits;
#[cfg(feature = "rustc-serialize")]
extern crate rustc_serialize;
#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
extern crate serde as serdelib;
#[cfg(feature = "__doctest")]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "__doctest", cfg(doctest))]
#[macro_use]
extern crate doc_comment;
#[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "wasi"), feature = "wasmbind"))]
extern crate js_sys;
#[cfg(feature = "unstable-locales")]
extern crate pure_rust_locales;
#[cfg(feature = "bench")]
extern crate test;
#[cfg(all(target_arch = "wasm32", not(target_os = "wasi"), feature = "wasmbind"))]
extern crate wasm_bindgen;
#[cfg(feature = "__doctest")]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "__doctest", cfg(doctest))]
doctest!("../README.md");
// this reexport is to aid the transition and should not be in the prelude!
pub use oldtime::Duration;
pub use date::{Date, MAX_DATE, MIN_DATE};
#[cfg(feature = "rustc-serialize")]
pub use datetime::rustc_serialize::TsSeconds;
pub use datetime::{DateTime, SecondsFormat, MAX_DATETIME, MIN_DATETIME};
/// L10n locales.
#[cfg(feature = "unstable-locales")]
pub use format::Locale;
pub use format::{ParseError, ParseResult};
#[doc(no_inline)]
pub use naive::{IsoWeek, NaiveDate, NaiveDateTime, NaiveTime};
#[cfg(feature = "clock")]
#[doc(no_inline)]
pub use offset::Local;
#[doc(no_inline)]
pub use offset::{FixedOffset, LocalResult, Offset, TimeZone, Utc};
pub use round::{DurationRound, RoundingError, SubsecRound};
/// A convenience module appropriate for glob imports (`use chrono::prelude::*;`).
pub mod prelude {
#[doc(no_inline)]
pub use Date;
#[cfg(feature = "clock")]
#[doc(no_inline)]
pub use Local;
#[cfg(feature = "unstable-locales")]
#[doc(no_inline)]
pub use Locale;
#[doc(no_inline)]
pub use SubsecRound;
#[doc(no_inline)]
pub use {DateTime, SecondsFormat};
#[doc(no_inline)]
pub use {Datelike, Month, Timelike, Weekday};
#[doc(no_inline)]
pub use {FixedOffset, Utc};
#[doc(no_inline)]
pub use {NaiveDate, NaiveDateTime, NaiveTime};
#[doc(no_inline)]
pub use {Offset, TimeZone};
}
// useful throughout the codebase
macro_rules! try_opt {
($e:expr) => {
match $e {
Some(v) => v,
None => return None,
}
};
}
mod div;
pub mod offset;
pub mod naive {
//! Date and time types unconcerned with timezones.
//!
//! They are primarily building blocks for other types
//! (e.g. [`TimeZone`](../offset/trait.TimeZone.html)),
//! but can be also used for the simpler date and time handling.
mod date;
mod datetime;
mod internals;
mod isoweek;
mod time;
pub use self::date::{NaiveDate, MAX_DATE, MIN_DATE};
#[cfg(feature = "rustc-serialize")]
#[allow(deprecated)]
pub use self::datetime::rustc_serialize::TsSeconds;
pub use self::datetime::{NaiveDateTime, MAX_DATETIME, MIN_DATETIME};
pub use self::isoweek::IsoWeek;
pub use self::time::NaiveTime;
#[cfg(feature = "__internal_bench")]
#[doc(hidden)]
pub use self::internals::YearFlags as __BenchYearFlags;
/// Serialization/Deserialization of naive types in alternate formats
///
/// The various modules in here are intended to be used with serde's [`with`
/// annotation][1] to serialize as something other than the default [RFC
/// 3339][2] format.
///
/// [1]: https://serde.rs/attributes.html#field-attributes
/// [2]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3339
#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
pub mod serde {
pub use super::datetime::serde::*;
}
}
mod date;
mod datetime;
pub mod format;
mod round;
#[cfg(feature = "__internal_bench")]
#[doc(hidden)]
pub use naive::__BenchYearFlags;
/// Serialization/Deserialization in alternate formats
///
/// The various modules in here are intended to be used with serde's [`with`
/// annotation][1] to serialize as something other than the default [RFC
/// 3339][2] format.
///
/// [1]: https://serde.rs/attributes.html#field-attributes
/// [2]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3339
#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
pub mod serde {
pub use super::datetime::serde::*;
}
// Until rust 1.18 there is no "pub(crate)" so to share this we need it in the root
#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
enum SerdeError<V: fmt::Display, D: fmt::Display> {
NonExistent { timestamp: V },
Ambiguous { timestamp: V, min: D, max: D },
}
/// Construct a [`SerdeError::NonExistent`]
#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
fn ne_timestamp<T: fmt::Display>(ts: T) -> SerdeError<T, u8> {
SerdeError::NonExistent::<T, u8> { timestamp: ts }
}
#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
impl<V: fmt::Display, D: fmt::Display> fmt::Debug for SerdeError<V, D> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "ChronoSerdeError({})", self)
}
}
// impl<V: fmt::Display, D: fmt::Debug> core::error::Error for SerdeError<V, D> {}
#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
impl<V: fmt::Display, D: fmt::Display> fmt::Display for SerdeError<V, D> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
&SerdeError::NonExistent { ref timestamp } => {
write!(f, "value is not a legal timestamp: {}", timestamp)
}
&SerdeError::Ambiguous { ref timestamp, ref min, ref max } => write!(
f,
"value is an ambiguous timestamp: {}, could be either of {}, {}",
timestamp, min, max
),
}
}
}
/// The day of week.
///
/// The order of the days of week depends on the context.
/// (This is why this type does *not* implement `PartialOrd` or `Ord` traits.)
/// One should prefer `*_from_monday` or `*_from_sunday` methods to get the correct result.
#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Copy, Clone, Debug, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "rustc-serialize", derive(RustcEncodable, RustcDecodable))]
pub enum Weekday {
/// Monday.
Mon = 0,
/// Tuesday.
Tue = 1,
/// Wednesday.
Wed = 2,
/// Thursday.
Thu = 3,
/// Friday.
Fri = 4,
/// Saturday.
Sat = 5,
/// Sunday.
Sun = 6,
}
impl Weekday {
/// The next day in the week.
///
/// `w`: | `Mon` | `Tue` | `Wed` | `Thu` | `Fri` | `Sat` | `Sun`
/// ----------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | -----
/// `w.succ()`: | `Tue` | `Wed` | `Thu` | `Fri` | `Sat` | `Sun` | `Mon`
#[inline]
pub fn succ(&self) -> Weekday {
match *self {
Weekday::Mon => Weekday::Tue,
Weekday::Tue => Weekday::Wed,
Weekday::Wed => Weekday::Thu,
Weekday::Thu => Weekday::Fri,
Weekday::Fri => Weekday::Sat,
Weekday::Sat => Weekday::Sun,
Weekday::Sun => Weekday::Mon,
}
}
/// The previous day in the week.
///
/// `w`: | `Mon` | `Tue` | `Wed` | `Thu` | `Fri` | `Sat` | `Sun`
/// ----------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | -----
/// `w.pred()`: | `Sun` | `Mon` | `Tue` | `Wed` | `Thu` | `Fri` | `Sat`
#[inline]
pub fn pred(&self) -> Weekday {
match *self {
Weekday::Mon => Weekday::Sun,
Weekday::Tue => Weekday::Mon,
Weekday::Wed => Weekday::Tue,
Weekday::Thu => Weekday::Wed,
Weekday::Fri => Weekday::Thu,
Weekday::Sat => Weekday::Fri,
Weekday::Sun => Weekday::Sat,
}
}
/// Returns a day-of-week number starting from Monday = 1. (ISO 8601 weekday number)
///
/// `w`: | `Mon` | `Tue` | `Wed` | `Thu` | `Fri` | `Sat` | `Sun`
/// ------------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | -----
/// `w.number_from_monday()`: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7
#[inline]
pub fn number_from_monday(&self) -> u32 {
match *self {
Weekday::Mon => 1,
Weekday::Tue => 2,
Weekday::Wed => 3,
Weekday::Thu => 4,
Weekday::Fri => 5,
Weekday::Sat => 6,
Weekday::Sun => 7,
}
}
/// Returns a day-of-week number starting from Sunday = 1.
///
/// `w`: | `Mon` | `Tue` | `Wed` | `Thu` | `Fri` | `Sat` | `Sun`
/// ------------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | -----
/// `w.number_from_sunday()`: | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 1
#[inline]
pub fn number_from_sunday(&self) -> u32 {
match *self {
Weekday::Mon => 2,
Weekday::Tue => 3,
Weekday::Wed => 4,
Weekday::Thu => 5,
Weekday::Fri => 6,
Weekday::Sat => 7,
Weekday::Sun => 1,
}
}
/// Returns a day-of-week number starting from Monday = 0.
///
/// `w`: | `Mon` | `Tue` | `Wed` | `Thu` | `Fri` | `Sat` | `Sun`
/// --------------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | -----
/// `w.num_days_from_monday()`: | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6
#[inline]
pub fn num_days_from_monday(&self) -> u32 {
match *self {
Weekday::Mon => 0,
Weekday::Tue => 1,
Weekday::Wed => 2,
Weekday::Thu => 3,
Weekday::Fri => 4,
Weekday::Sat => 5,
Weekday::Sun => 6,
}
}
/// Returns a day-of-week number starting from Sunday = 0.
///
/// `w`: | `Mon` | `Tue` | `Wed` | `Thu` | `Fri` | `Sat` | `Sun`
/// --------------------------- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | ----- | -----
/// `w.num_days_from_sunday()`: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 0
#[inline]
pub fn num_days_from_sunday(&self) -> u32 {
match *self {
Weekday::Mon => 1,
Weekday::Tue => 2,
Weekday::Wed => 3,
Weekday::Thu => 4,
Weekday::Fri => 5,
Weekday::Sat => 6,
Weekday::Sun => 0,
}
}
}
impl fmt::Display for Weekday {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
f.write_str(match *self {
Weekday::Mon => "Mon",
Weekday::Tue => "Tue",
Weekday::Wed => "Wed",
Weekday::Thu => "Thu",
Weekday::Fri => "Fri",
Weekday::Sat => "Sat",
Weekday::Sun => "Sun",
})
}
}
/// Any weekday can be represented as an integer from 0 to 6, which equals to
/// [`Weekday::num_days_from_monday`](#method.num_days_from_monday) in this implementation.
/// Do not heavily depend on this though; use explicit methods whenever possible.
impl num_traits::FromPrimitive for Weekday {
#[inline]
fn from_i64(n: i64) -> Option<Weekday> {
match n {
0 => Some(Weekday::Mon),
1 => Some(Weekday::Tue),
2 => Some(Weekday::Wed),
3 => Some(Weekday::Thu),
4 => Some(Weekday::Fri),
5 => Some(Weekday::Sat),
6 => Some(Weekday::Sun),
_ => None,
}
}
#[inline]
fn from_u64(n: u64) -> Option<Weekday> {
match n {
0 => Some(Weekday::Mon),
1 => Some(Weekday::Tue),
2 => Some(Weekday::Wed),
3 => Some(Weekday::Thu),
4 => Some(Weekday::Fri),
5 => Some(Weekday::Sat),
6 => Some(Weekday::Sun),
_ => None,
}
}
}
use core::fmt;
/// An error resulting from reading `Weekday` value with `FromStr`.
#[derive(Clone, PartialEq)]
pub struct ParseWeekdayError {
_dummy: (),
}
impl fmt::Debug for ParseWeekdayError {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "ParseWeekdayError {{ .. }}")
}
}
// the actual `FromStr` implementation is in the `format` module to leverage the existing code
#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
mod weekday_serde {
use super::Weekday;
use core::fmt;
use serdelib::{de, ser};
impl ser::Serialize for Weekday {
fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
where
S: ser::Serializer,
{
serializer.collect_str(&self)
}
}
struct WeekdayVisitor;
impl<'de> de::Visitor<'de> for WeekdayVisitor {
type Value = Weekday;
fn expecting(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "Weekday")
}
fn visit_str<E>(self, value: &str) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
value.parse().map_err(|_| E::custom("short or long weekday names expected"))
}
}
impl<'de> de::Deserialize<'de> for Weekday {
fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
deserializer.deserialize_str(WeekdayVisitor)
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
extern crate serde_json;
#[test]
fn test_serde_serialize() {
use self::serde_json::to_string;
use Weekday::*;
let cases: Vec<(Weekday, &str)> = vec![
(Mon, "\"Mon\""),
(Tue, "\"Tue\""),
(Wed, "\"Wed\""),
(Thu, "\"Thu\""),
(Fri, "\"Fri\""),
(Sat, "\"Sat\""),
(Sun, "\"Sun\""),
];
for (weekday, expected_str) in cases {
let string = to_string(&weekday).unwrap();
assert_eq!(string, expected_str);
}
}
#[test]
fn test_serde_deserialize() {
use self::serde_json::from_str;
use Weekday::*;
let cases: Vec<(&str, Weekday)> = vec![
("\"mon\"", Mon),
("\"MONDAY\"", Mon),
("\"MonDay\"", Mon),
("\"mOn\"", Mon),
("\"tue\"", Tue),
("\"tuesday\"", Tue),
("\"wed\"", Wed),
("\"wednesday\"", Wed),
("\"thu\"", Thu),
("\"thursday\"", Thu),
("\"fri\"", Fri),
("\"friday\"", Fri),
("\"sat\"", Sat),
("\"saturday\"", Sat),
("\"sun\"", Sun),
("\"sunday\"", Sun),
];
for (str, expected_weekday) in cases {
let weekday = from_str::<Weekday>(str).unwrap();
assert_eq!(weekday, expected_weekday);
}
let errors: Vec<&str> =
vec!["\"not a weekday\"", "\"monDAYs\"", "\"mond\"", "mon", "\"thur\"", "\"thurs\""];
for str in errors {
from_str::<Weekday>(str).unwrap_err();
}
}
}
/// The month of the year.
///
/// This enum is just a convenience implementation.
/// The month in dates created by DateLike objects does not return this enum.
///
/// It is possible to convert from a date to a month independently
/// ```
/// # extern crate num_traits;
/// use num_traits::FromPrimitive;
/// use chrono::prelude::*;
/// let date = Utc.ymd(2019, 10, 28).and_hms(9, 10, 11);
/// // `2019-10-28T09:10:11Z`
/// let month = Month::from_u32(date.month());
/// assert_eq!(month, Some(Month::October))
/// ```
/// Or from a Month to an integer usable by dates
/// ```
/// # use chrono::prelude::*;
/// let month = Month::January;
/// let dt = Utc.ymd(2019, month.number_from_month(), 28).and_hms(9, 10, 11);
/// assert_eq!((dt.year(), dt.month(), dt.day()), (2019, 1, 28));
/// ```
/// Allows mapping from and to month, from 1-January to 12-December.
/// Can be Serialized/Deserialized with serde
// Actual implementation is zero-indexed, API intended as 1-indexed for more intuitive behavior.
#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Copy, Clone, Debug, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "rustc-serialize", derive(RustcEncodable, RustcDecodable))]
pub enum Month {
/// January
January = 0,
/// February
February = 1,
/// March
March = 2,
/// April
April = 3,
/// May
May = 4,
/// June
June = 5,
/// July
July = 6,
/// August
August = 7,
/// September
September = 8,
/// October
October = 9,
/// November
November = 10,
/// December
December = 11,
}
impl Month {
/// The next month.
///
/// `m`: | `January` | `February` | `...` | `December`
/// ----------- | --------- | ---------- | --- | ---------
/// `m.succ()`: | `February` | `March` | `...` | `January`
#[inline]
pub fn succ(&self) -> Month {
match *self {
Month::January => Month::February,
Month::February => Month::March,
Month::March => Month::April,
Month::April => Month::May,
Month::May => Month::June,
Month::June => Month::July,
Month::July => Month::August,
Month::August => Month::September,
Month::September => Month::October,
Month::October => Month::November,
Month::November => Month::December,
Month::December => Month::January,
}
}
/// The previous month.
///
/// `m`: | `January` | `February` | `...` | `December`
/// ----------- | --------- | ---------- | --- | ---------
/// `m.succ()`: | `December` | `January` | `...` | `November`
#[inline]
pub fn pred(&self) -> Month {
match *self {
Month::January => Month::December,
Month::February => Month::January,
Month::March => Month::February,
Month::April => Month::March,
Month::May => Month::April,
Month::June => Month::May,
Month::July => Month::June,
Month::August => Month::July,
Month::September => Month::August,
Month::October => Month::September,
Month::November => Month::October,
Month::December => Month::November,
}
}
/// Returns a month-of-year number starting from January = 1.
///
/// `m`: | `January` | `February` | `...` | `December`
/// -------------------------| --------- | ---------- | --- | -----
/// `m.number_from_month()`: | 1 | 2 | `...` | 12
#[inline]
pub fn number_from_month(&self) -> u32 {
match *self {
Month::January => 1,
Month::February => 2,
Month::March => 3,
Month::April => 4,
Month::May => 5,
Month::June => 6,
Month::July => 7,
Month::August => 8,
Month::September => 9,
Month::October => 10,
Month::November => 11,
Month::December => 12,
}
}
/// Get the name of the month
///
/// ```
/// use chrono::Month;
///
/// assert_eq!(Month::January.name(), "January")
/// ```
pub fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
match *self {
Month::January => "January",
Month::February => "February",
Month::March => "March",
Month::April => "April",
Month::May => "May",
Month::June => "June",
Month::July => "July",
Month::August => "August",
Month::September => "September",
Month::October => "October",
Month::November => "November",
Month::December => "December",
}
}
}
impl num_traits::FromPrimitive for Month {
/// Returns an Option<Month> from a i64, assuming a 1-index, January = 1.
///
/// `Month::from_i64(n: i64)`: | `1` | `2` | ... | `12`
/// ---------------------------| -------------------- | --------------------- | ... | -----
/// ``: | Some(Month::January) | Some(Month::February) | ... | Some(Month::December)
#[inline]
fn from_u64(n: u64) -> Option<Month> {
Self::from_u32(n as u32)
}
#[inline]
fn from_i64(n: i64) -> Option<Month> {
Self::from_u32(n as u32)
}
#[inline]
fn from_u32(n: u32) -> Option<Month> {
match n {
1 => Some(Month::January),
2 => Some(Month::February),
3 => Some(Month::March),
4 => Some(Month::April),
5 => Some(Month::May),
6 => Some(Month::June),
7 => Some(Month::July),
8 => Some(Month::August),
9 => Some(Month::September),
10 => Some(Month::October),
11 => Some(Month::November),
12 => Some(Month::December),
_ => None,
}
}
}
/// An error resulting from reading `<Month>` value with `FromStr`.
#[derive(Clone, PartialEq)]
pub struct ParseMonthError {
_dummy: (),
}
impl fmt::Debug for ParseMonthError {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "ParseMonthError {{ .. }}")
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
mod month_serde {
use super::Month;
use serdelib::{de, ser};
use core::fmt;
impl ser::Serialize for Month {
fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
where
S: ser::Serializer,
{
serializer.collect_str(self.name())
}
}
struct MonthVisitor;
impl<'de> de::Visitor<'de> for MonthVisitor {
type Value = Month;
fn expecting(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "Month")
}
fn visit_str<E>(self, value: &str) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
where
E: de::Error,
{
value.parse().map_err(|_| E::custom("short (3-letter) or full month names expected"))
}
}
impl<'de> de::Deserialize<'de> for Month {
fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
where
D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
{
deserializer.deserialize_str(MonthVisitor)
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
extern crate serde_json;
#[test]
fn test_serde_serialize() {
use self::serde_json::to_string;
use Month::*;
let cases: Vec<(Month, &str)> = vec![
(January, "\"January\""),
(February, "\"February\""),
(March, "\"March\""),
(April, "\"April\""),
(May, "\"May\""),
(June, "\"June\""),
(July, "\"July\""),
(August, "\"August\""),
(September, "\"September\""),
(October, "\"October\""),
(November, "\"November\""),
(December, "\"December\""),
];
for (month, expected_str) in cases {
let string = to_string(&month).unwrap();
assert_eq!(string, expected_str);
}
}
#[test]
fn test_serde_deserialize() {
use self::serde_json::from_str;
use Month::*;
let cases: Vec<(&str, Month)> = vec![
("\"january\"", January),
("\"jan\"", January),
("\"FeB\"", February),
("\"MAR\"", March),
("\"mar\"", March),
("\"april\"", April),
("\"may\"", May),
("\"june\"", June),
("\"JULY\"", July),
("\"august\"", August),
("\"september\"", September),
("\"October\"", October),
("\"November\"", November),
("\"DECEmbEr\"", December),
];
for (string, expected_month) in cases {
let month = from_str::<Month>(string).unwrap();
assert_eq!(month, expected_month);
}
let errors: Vec<&str> =
vec!["\"not a month\"", "\"ja\"", "\"Dece\"", "Dec", "\"Augustin\""];
for string in errors {
from_str::<Month>(string).unwrap_err();
}
}
}
/// The common set of methods for date component.
pub trait Datelike: Sized {
/// Returns the year number in the [calendar date](./naive/struct.NaiveDate.html#calendar-date).
fn year(&self) -> i32;
/// Returns the absolute year number starting from 1 with a boolean flag,
/// which is false when the year predates the epoch (BCE/BC) and true otherwise (CE/AD).
#[inline]
fn year_ce(&self) -> (bool, u32) {
let year = self.year();
if year < 1 {
(false, (1 - year) as u32)
} else {
(true, year as u32)
}
}
/// Returns the month number starting from 1.
///
/// The return value ranges from 1 to 12.
fn month(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the month number starting from 0.
///
/// The return value ranges from 0 to 11.
fn month0(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the day of month starting from 1.
///
/// The return value ranges from 1 to 31. (The last day of month differs by months.)
fn day(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the day of month starting from 0.
///
/// The return value ranges from 0 to 30. (The last day of month differs by months.)
fn day0(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the day of year starting from 1.
///
/// The return value ranges from 1 to 366. (The last day of year differs by years.)
fn ordinal(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the day of year starting from 0.
///
/// The return value ranges from 0 to 365. (The last day of year differs by years.)
fn ordinal0(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the day of week.
fn weekday(&self) -> Weekday;
/// Returns the ISO week.
fn iso_week(&self) -> IsoWeek;
/// Makes a new value with the year number changed.
///
/// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid.
fn with_year(&self, year: i32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the month number (starting from 1) changed.
///
/// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid.
fn with_month(&self, month: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the month number (starting from 0) changed.
///
/// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid.
fn with_month0(&self, month0: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the day of month (starting from 1) changed.
///
/// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid.
fn with_day(&self, day: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the day of month (starting from 0) changed.
///
/// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid.
fn with_day0(&self, day0: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the day of year (starting from 1) changed.
///
/// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid.
fn with_ordinal(&self, ordinal: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the day of year (starting from 0) changed.
///
/// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid.
fn with_ordinal0(&self, ordinal0: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Counts the days in the proleptic Gregorian calendar, with January 1, Year 1 (CE) as day 1.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use chrono::{NaiveDate, Datelike};
///
/// assert_eq!(NaiveDate::from_ymd(1970, 1, 1).num_days_from_ce(), 719_163);
/// assert_eq!(NaiveDate::from_ymd(2, 1, 1).num_days_from_ce(), 366);
/// assert_eq!(NaiveDate::from_ymd(1, 1, 1).num_days_from_ce(), 1);
/// assert_eq!(NaiveDate::from_ymd(0, 1, 1).num_days_from_ce(), -365);
/// ```
fn num_days_from_ce(&self) -> i32 {
// See test_num_days_from_ce_against_alternative_impl below for a more straightforward
// implementation.
// we know this wouldn't overflow since year is limited to 1/2^13 of i32's full range.
let mut year = self.year() - 1;
let mut ndays = 0;
if year < 0 {
let excess = 1 + (-year) / 400;
year += excess * 400;
ndays -= excess * 146_097;
}
let div_100 = year / 100;
ndays += ((year * 1461) >> 2) - div_100 + (div_100 >> 2);
ndays + self.ordinal() as i32
}
}
/// The common set of methods for time component.
pub trait Timelike: Sized {
/// Returns the hour number from 0 to 23.
fn hour(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the hour number from 1 to 12 with a boolean flag,
/// which is false for AM and true for PM.
#[inline]
fn hour12(&self) -> (bool, u32) {
let hour = self.hour();
let mut hour12 = hour % 12;
if hour12 == 0 {
hour12 = 12;
}
(hour >= 12, hour12)
}
/// Returns the minute number from 0 to 59.
fn minute(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the second number from 0 to 59.
fn second(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the number of nanoseconds since the whole non-leap second.
/// The range from 1,000,000,000 to 1,999,999,999 represents
/// the [leap second](./naive/struct.NaiveTime.html#leap-second-handling).
fn nanosecond(&self) -> u32;
/// Makes a new value with the hour number changed.
///
/// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid.
fn with_hour(&self, hour: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the minute number changed.
///
/// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid.
fn with_minute(&self, min: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the second number changed.
///
/// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid.
/// As with the [`second`](#tymethod.second) method,
/// the input range is restricted to 0 through 59.
fn with_second(&self, sec: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with nanoseconds since the whole non-leap second changed.
///
/// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid.
/// As with the [`nanosecond`](#tymethod.nanosecond) method,
/// the input range can exceed 1,000,000,000 for leap seconds.
fn with_nanosecond(&self, nano: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Returns the number of non-leap seconds past the last midnight.
#[inline]
fn num_seconds_from_midnight(&self) -> u32 {
self.hour() * 3600 + self.minute() * 60 + self.second()
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
extern crate num_iter;
mod test {
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_readme_doomsday() {
use num_iter::range_inclusive;
for y in range_inclusive(naive::MIN_DATE.year(), naive::MAX_DATE.year()) {
// even months
let d4 = NaiveDate::from_ymd(y, 4, 4);
let d6 = NaiveDate::from_ymd(y, 6, 6);
let d8 = NaiveDate::from_ymd(y, 8, 8);
let d10 = NaiveDate::from_ymd(y, 10, 10);
let d12 = NaiveDate::from_ymd(y, 12, 12);
// nine to five, seven-eleven
let d59 = NaiveDate::from_ymd(y, 5, 9);
let d95 = NaiveDate::from_ymd(y, 9, 5);
let d711 = NaiveDate::from_ymd(y, 7, 11);
let d117 = NaiveDate::from_ymd(y, 11, 7);
// "March 0"
let d30 = NaiveDate::from_ymd(y, 3, 1).pred();
let weekday = d30.weekday();
let other_dates = [d4, d6, d8, d10, d12, d59, d95, d711, d117];
assert!(other_dates.iter().all(|d| d.weekday() == weekday));
}
}
#[test]
fn test_month_enum_primitive_parse() {
use num_traits::FromPrimitive;
let jan_opt = Month::from_u32(1);
let feb_opt = Month::from_u64(2);
let dec_opt = Month::from_i64(12);
let no_month = Month::from_u32(13);
assert_eq!(jan_opt, Some(Month::January));
assert_eq!(feb_opt, Some(Month::February));
assert_eq!(dec_opt, Some(Month::December));
assert_eq!(no_month, None);
let date = Utc.ymd(2019, 10, 28).and_hms(9, 10, 11);
assert_eq!(Month::from_u32(date.month()), Some(Month::October));
let month = Month::January;
let dt = Utc.ymd(2019, month.number_from_month(), 28).and_hms(9, 10, 11);
assert_eq!((dt.year(), dt.month(), dt.day()), (2019, 1, 28));
}
}
/// Tests `Datelike::num_days_from_ce` against an alternative implementation.
///
/// The alternative implementation is not as short as the current one but it is simpler to
/// understand, with less unexplained magic constants.
#[test]
fn test_num_days_from_ce_against_alternative_impl() {
/// Returns the number of multiples of `div` in the range `start..end`.
///
/// If the range `start..end` is back-to-front, i.e. `start` is greater than `end`, the
/// behaviour is defined by the following equation:
/// `in_between(start, end, div) == - in_between(end, start, div)`.
///
/// When `div` is 1, this is equivalent to `end - start`, i.e. the length of `start..end`.
///
/// # Panics
///
/// Panics if `div` is not positive.
fn in_between(start: i32, end: i32, div: i32) -> i32 {
assert!(div > 0, "in_between: nonpositive div = {}", div);
let start = (start.div_euclid(div), start.rem_euclid(div));
let end = (end.div_euclid(div), end.rem_euclid(div));
// The lowest multiple of `div` greater than or equal to `start`, divided.
let start = start.0 + (start.1 != 0) as i32;
// The lowest multiple of `div` greater than or equal to `end`, divided.
let end = end.0 + (end.1 != 0) as i32;
end - start
}
/// Alternative implementation to `Datelike::num_days_from_ce`
fn num_days_from_ce<Date: Datelike>(date: &Date) -> i32 {
let year = date.year();
let diff = move |div| in_between(1, year, div);
// 365 days a year, one more in leap years. In the gregorian calendar, leap years are all
// the multiples of 4 except multiples of 100 but including multiples of 400.
date.ordinal() as i32 + 365 * diff(1) + diff(4) - diff(100) + diff(400)
}
use num_iter::range_inclusive;
for year in range_inclusive(naive::MIN_DATE.year(), naive::MAX_DATE.year()) {
let jan1_year = NaiveDate::from_ymd(year, 1, 1);
assert_eq!(
jan1_year.num_days_from_ce(),
num_days_from_ce(&jan1_year),
"on {:?}",
jan1_year
);
let mid_year = jan1_year + Duration::days(133);
assert_eq!(mid_year.num_days_from_ce(), num_days_from_ce(&mid_year), "on {:?}", mid_year);
}
}
#[test]
fn test_month_enum_succ_pred() {
assert_eq!(Month::January.succ(), Month::February);
assert_eq!(Month::December.succ(), Month::January);
assert_eq!(Month::January.pred(), Month::December);
assert_eq!(Month::February.pred(), Month::January);
}