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/*
* Copyright (C) 2015 Benjamin Fry <benjaminfry@me.com>
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
//! resource record implementation
use std::cmp::Ordering;
use std::fmt;
#[cfg(feature = "serde-config")]
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use crate::error::*;
use crate::rr::dns_class::DNSClass;
use crate::rr::rdata::NULL;
#[allow(deprecated)]
use crate::rr::IntoRecordSet;
use crate::rr::Name;
use crate::rr::RData;
use crate::rr::RecordSet;
use crate::rr::RecordType;
use crate::serialize::binary::*;
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
/// From [RFC 6762](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6762#section-10.2)
/// ```text
/// The cache-flush bit is the most significant bit of the second
/// 16-bit word of a resource record in a Resource Record Section of a
/// Multicast DNS message (the field conventionally referred to as the
/// rrclass field), and the actual resource record class is the least
/// significant fifteen bits of this field.
/// ```
const MDNS_ENABLE_CACHE_FLUSH: u16 = 1 << 15;
const NULL_RDATA: &RData = &RData::NULL(NULL::new());
/// Resource records are storage value in DNS, into which all key/value pair data is stored.
///
/// [RFC 1035](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1035), DOMAIN NAMES - IMPLEMENTATION AND SPECIFICATION, November 1987
///
/// ```text
/// 4.1.3. Resource record format
///
/// The answer, authority, and additional sections all share the same
/// format: a variable number of resource records, where the number of
/// records is specified in the corresponding count field in the header.
/// Each resource record has the following format:
/// 1 1 1 1 1 1
/// 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
/// +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
/// | |
/// / /
/// / NAME /
/// | |
/// +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
/// | TYPE |
/// +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
/// | CLASS |
/// +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
/// | TTL |
/// | |
/// +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
/// | RDLENGTH |
/// +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--|
/// / RDATA /
/// / /
/// +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
///
/// ```
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde-config", derive(Deserialize, Serialize))]
#[derive(Eq, Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Record {
name_labels: Name,
rr_type: RecordType,
dns_class: DNSClass,
ttl: u32,
rdata: Option<RData>,
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
mdns_cache_flush: bool,
}
impl Default for Record {
fn default() -> Self {
Self {
// TODO: these really should all be Optionals, I was lazy.
name_labels: Name::new(),
rr_type: RecordType::NULL,
dns_class: DNSClass::IN,
ttl: 0,
rdata: None,
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
mdns_cache_flush: false,
}
}
}
impl Record {
/// Creates a default record, use the setters to build a more useful object.
///
/// There are no optional elements in this object, defaults are an empty name, type A, class IN,
/// ttl of 0 and the 0.0.0.0 ip address.
pub fn new() -> Self {
Self::default()
}
/// Create a record with the specified initial values.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `name` - name of the resource records
/// * `rr_type` - the record type
/// * `ttl` - time-to-live is the amount of time this record should be cached before refreshing
pub fn with(name: Name, rr_type: RecordType, ttl: u32) -> Self {
Self {
name_labels: name,
rr_type,
dns_class: DNSClass::IN,
ttl,
rdata: None,
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
mdns_cache_flush: false,
}
}
/// Create a record with the specified initial values.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `name` - name of the resource records
/// * `ttl` - time-to-live is the amount of time this record should be cached before refreshing
/// * `rdata` - record data to associate with the Record
pub fn from_rdata(name: Name, ttl: u32, rdata: RData) -> Self {
Self {
name_labels: name,
rr_type: rdata.to_record_type(),
dns_class: DNSClass::IN,
ttl,
rdata: Some(rdata),
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
mdns_cache_flush: false,
}
}
/// ```text
/// NAME a domain name to which this resource record pertains.
/// ```
pub fn set_name(&mut self, name: Name) -> &mut Self {
self.name_labels = name;
self
}
/// ```text
/// TYPE two octets containing one of the RR type codes. This
/// field specifies the meaning of the data in the RDATA
/// field.
/// ```
// #[deprecated(note = "use `Record::set_record_type`")]
pub fn set_rr_type(&mut self, rr_type: RecordType) -> &mut Self {
self.rr_type = rr_type;
self
}
/// ```text
/// TYPE two octets containing one of the RR type codes. This
/// field specifies the meaning of the data in the RDATA
/// field.
/// ```
pub fn set_record_type(&mut self, rr_type: RecordType) -> &mut Self {
self.rr_type = rr_type;
self
}
/// ```text
/// CLASS two octets which specify the class of the data in the
/// RDATA field.
/// ```
pub fn set_dns_class(&mut self, dns_class: DNSClass) -> &mut Self {
self.dns_class = dns_class;
self
}
/// ```text
/// TTL a 32 bit unsigned integer that specifies the time
/// interval (in seconds) that the resource record may be
/// cached before it should be discarded. Zero values are
/// interpreted to mean that the RR can only be used for the
/// transaction in progress, and should not be cached.
/// ```
pub fn set_ttl(&mut self, ttl: u32) -> &mut Self {
self.ttl = ttl;
self
}
/// ```text
/// RDATA a variable length string of octets that describes the
/// resource. The format of this information varies
/// according to the TYPE and CLASS of the resource record.
/// For example, the if the TYPE is A and the CLASS is IN,
/// the RDATA field is a 4 octet ARPA Internet address.
/// ```
#[deprecated(note = "use `Record::set_data` instead")]
pub fn set_rdata(&mut self, rdata: RData) -> &mut Self {
self.rdata = Some(rdata);
self
}
/// ```text
/// RDATA a variable length string of octets that describes the
/// resource. The format of this information varies
/// according to the TYPE and CLASS of the resource record.
/// For example, the if the TYPE is A and the CLASS is IN,
/// the RDATA field is a 4 octet ARPA Internet address.
/// ```
#[allow(deprecated)]
pub fn set_data(&mut self, rdata: Option<RData>) -> &mut Self {
debug_assert!(
!(matches!(&rdata, Some(RData::ZERO))
&& matches!(&rdata, Some(RData::NULL(null)) if null.anything().is_empty())),
"pass None rather than ZERO or NULL"
);
self.rdata = rdata;
self
}
/// Changes mDNS cache-flush bit
/// See [RFC 6762](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6762#section-10.2)
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "mdns")))]
pub fn set_mdns_cache_flush(&mut self, flag: bool) -> &mut Self {
self.mdns_cache_flush = flag;
self
}
/// Returns the name of the record
pub fn name(&self) -> &Name {
&self.name_labels
}
/// Returns the type of the RData in the record
// #[deprecated(note = "use `Record::record_type`")]
pub fn rr_type(&self) -> RecordType {
self.rr_type
}
/// Returns the type of the RecordData in the record
pub fn record_type(&self) -> RecordType {
self.rr_type
}
/// Returns the DNSClass of the Record, generally IN fro internet
pub fn dns_class(&self) -> DNSClass {
self.dns_class
}
/// Returns the time-to-live of the record, for caching purposes
pub fn ttl(&self) -> u32 {
self.ttl
}
/// Returns the Record Data, i.e. the record information
#[deprecated(note = "use `Record::data` instead")]
pub fn rdata(&self) -> &RData {
if let Some(ref rdata) = &self.rdata {
rdata
} else {
NULL_RDATA
}
}
/// Returns the Record Data, i.e. the record information
pub fn data(&self) -> Option<&RData> {
self.rdata.as_ref()
}
/// Returns if the mDNS cache-flush bit is set or not
/// See [RFC 6762](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6762#section-10.2)
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "mdns")))]
pub fn mdns_cache_flush(&self) -> bool {
self.mdns_cache_flush
}
/// Returns a mutable reference to the Record Data
pub fn data_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut RData> {
self.rdata.as_mut()
}
/// Returns the RData consuming the Record
pub fn into_data(self) -> Option<RData> {
self.rdata
}
/// Consumes `Record` and returns its components
pub fn into_parts(self) -> RecordParts {
self.into()
}
}
/// Consumes `Record` giving public access to fields of `Record` so they can
/// be destructured and taken by value
pub struct RecordParts {
/// label names
pub name_labels: Name,
/// record type
pub rr_type: RecordType,
/// dns class
pub dns_class: DNSClass,
/// time to live
pub ttl: u32,
/// rdata
pub rdata: Option<RData>,
/// mDNS cache flush
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "mdns")))]
pub mdns_cache_flush: bool,
}
impl From<Record> for RecordParts {
fn from(record: Record) -> Self {
cfg_if::cfg_if! {
if #[cfg(feature = "mdns")] {
let Record {
name_labels,
rr_type,
dns_class,
ttl,
rdata,
mdns_cache_flush,
} = record;
} else {
let Record {
name_labels,
rr_type,
dns_class,
ttl,
rdata,
} = record;
}
}
Self {
name_labels,
rr_type,
dns_class,
ttl,
rdata,
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
mdns_cache_flush,
}
}
}
#[allow(deprecated)]
impl IntoRecordSet for Record {
fn into_record_set(self) -> RecordSet {
RecordSet::from(self)
}
}
impl BinEncodable for Record {
fn emit(&self, encoder: &mut BinEncoder<'_>) -> ProtoResult<()> {
self.name_labels.emit(encoder)?;
self.rr_type.emit(encoder)?;
#[cfg(not(feature = "mdns"))]
self.dns_class.emit(encoder)?;
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
{
if self.mdns_cache_flush {
encoder.emit_u16(u16::from(self.dns_class()) | MDNS_ENABLE_CACHE_FLUSH)?;
} else {
self.dns_class.emit(encoder)?;
}
}
encoder.emit_u32(self.ttl)?;
// place the RData length
let place = encoder.place::<u16>()?;
// write the RData
// the None case is handled below by writing `0` for the length of the RData
// this is in turn read as `None` during the `read` operation.
if let Some(rdata) = &self.rdata {
rdata.emit(encoder)?;
}
// get the length written
let len = encoder.len_since_place(&place);
assert!(len <= u16::max_value() as usize);
// replace the location with the length
place.replace(encoder, len as u16)?;
Ok(())
}
}
impl<'r> BinDecodable<'r> for Record {
/// parse a resource record line example:
/// WARNING: the record_bytes is 100% consumed and destroyed in this parsing process
fn read(decoder: &mut BinDecoder<'r>) -> ProtoResult<Self> {
// NAME an owner name, i.e., the name of the node to which this
// resource record pertains.
let name_labels: Name = Name::read(decoder)?;
// TYPE two octets containing one of the RR TYPE codes.
let record_type: RecordType = RecordType::read(decoder)?;
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
let mut mdns_cache_flush = false;
// CLASS two octets containing one of the RR CLASS codes.
let class: DNSClass = if record_type == RecordType::OPT {
// verify that the OPT record is Root
if !name_labels.is_root() {
return Err(ProtoErrorKind::EdnsNameNotRoot(name_labels).into());
}
// DNS Class is overloaded for OPT records in EDNS - RFC 6891
DNSClass::for_opt(
decoder.read_u16()?.unverified(/*restricted to a min of 512 in for_opt*/),
)
} else {
#[cfg(not(feature = "mdns"))]
{
DNSClass::read(decoder)?
}
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
{
let dns_class_value =
decoder.read_u16()?.unverified(/*DNSClass::from_u16 will verify the value*/);
if dns_class_value & MDNS_ENABLE_CACHE_FLUSH > 0 {
mdns_cache_flush = true;
DNSClass::from_u16(dns_class_value & !MDNS_ENABLE_CACHE_FLUSH)?
} else {
DNSClass::from_u16(dns_class_value)?
}
}
};
// TTL a 32 bit signed integer that specifies the time interval
// that the resource record may be cached before the source
// of the information should again be consulted. Zero
// values are interpreted to mean that the RR can only be
// used for the transaction in progress, and should not be
// cached. For example, SOA records are always distributed
// with a zero TTL to prohibit caching. Zero values can
// also be used for extremely volatile data.
// note: u32 seems more accurate given that it can only be positive
let ttl: u32 = decoder.read_u32()?.unverified(/*any u32 is valid*/);
// RDLENGTH an unsigned 16 bit integer that specifies the length in
// octets of the RDATA field.
let rd_length = decoder
.read_u16()?
.verify_unwrap(|u| (*u as usize) <= decoder.len())
.map_err(|u| {
ProtoError::from(format!(
"rdata length too large for remaining bytes, need: {} remain: {}",
u,
decoder.len()
))
})?;
// this is to handle updates, RFC 2136, which uses 0 to indicate certain aspects of pre-requisites
// Null represents any data.
let rdata = if rd_length == 0 {
None
} else {
// RDATA a variable length string of octets that describes the
// resource. The format of this information varies
// according to the TYPE and CLASS of the resource record.
// Adding restrict to the rdata length because it's used for many calculations later
// and must be validated before hand
Some(RData::read(decoder, record_type, Restrict::new(rd_length))?)
};
Ok(Self {
name_labels,
rr_type: record_type,
dns_class: class,
ttl,
rdata,
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
mdns_cache_flush,
})
}
}
/// [RFC 1033](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1033), DOMAIN OPERATIONS GUIDE, November 1987
///
/// ```text
/// RESOURCE RECORDS
///
/// Records in the zone data files are called resource records (RRs).
/// They are specified in RFC-883 and RFC-973. An RR has a standard
/// format as shown:
///
/// <name> [<ttl>] [<class>] <type> <data>
///
/// The record is divided into fields which are separated by white space.
///
/// <name>
///
/// The name field defines what domain name applies to the given
/// RR. In some cases the name field can be left blank and it will
/// default to the name field of the previous RR.
///
/// <ttl>
///
/// TTL stands for Time To Live. It specifies how long a domain
/// resolver should cache the RR before it throws it out and asks a
/// domain server again. See the section on TTL's. If you leave
/// the TTL field blank it will default to the minimum time
/// specified in the SOA record (described later).
///
/// <class>
///
/// The class field specifies the protocol group. If left blank it
/// will default to the last class specified.
///
/// <type>
///
/// The type field specifies what type of data is in the RR. See
/// the section on types.
///
/// <data>
///
/// The data field is defined differently for each type and class
/// of data. Popular RR data formats are described later.
/// ```
impl fmt::Display for Record {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), fmt::Error> {
write!(
f,
"{name} {ttl} {class} {ty}",
name = self.name_labels,
ttl = self.ttl,
class = self.dns_class,
ty = self.rr_type,
)?;
if let Some(rdata) = &self.rdata {
write!(f, " {rdata}", rdata = rdata)?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
impl PartialEq for Record {
/// Equality or records, as defined by
/// [RFC 2136](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2136), DNS Update, April 1997
///
/// ```text
/// 1.1.1. Two RRs are considered equal if their NAME, CLASS, TYPE,
/// RDLENGTH and RDATA fields are equal. Note that the time-to-live
/// (TTL) field is explicitly excluded from the comparison.
///
/// 1.1.2. The rules for comparison of character strings in names are
/// specified in [RFC1035 2.3.3]. i.e. case insensitive
/// ```
fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
// self == other && // the same pointer
self.name_labels == other.name_labels
&& self.rr_type == other.rr_type
&& self.dns_class == other.dns_class
&& self.rdata == other.rdata
}
}
/// returns the value of the compare if the items are greater or lesser, but continues on equal
macro_rules! compare_or_equal {
($x:ident, $y:ident, $z:ident) => {
match $x.$z.cmp(&$y.$z) {
o @ Ordering::Less | o @ Ordering::Greater => return o,
Ordering::Equal => (),
}
};
}
impl Ord for Record {
/// Canonical ordering as defined by
/// [RFC 4034](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4034#section-6), DNSSEC Resource Records, March 2005
///
/// ```text
/// 6.2. Canonical RR Form
///
/// For the purposes of DNS security, the canonical form of an RR is the
/// wire format of the RR where:
///
/// 1. every domain name in the RR is fully expanded (no DNS name
/// compression) and fully qualified;
///
/// 2. all uppercase US-ASCII letters in the owner name of the RR are
/// replaced by the corresponding lowercase US-ASCII letters;
///
/// 3. if the type of the RR is NS, MD, MF, CNAME, SOA, MB, MG, MR, PTR,
/// HINFO, MINFO, MX, HINFO, RP, AFSDB, RT, SIG, PX, NXT, NAPTR, KX,
/// SRV, DNAME, A6, RRSIG, or NSEC, all uppercase US-ASCII letters in
/// the DNS names contained within the RDATA are replaced by the
/// corresponding lowercase US-ASCII letters;
///
/// 4. if the owner name of the RR is a wildcard name, the owner name is
/// in its original unexpanded form, including the "*" label (no
/// wildcard substitution); and
///
/// 5. the RR's TTL is set to its original value as it appears in the
/// originating authoritative zone or the Original TTL field of the
/// covering RRSIG RR.
/// ```
fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
// TODO: given that the ordering of Resource Records is dependent on it's binary form and this
// method will be used during insertion sort or similar, we should probably do this
// conversion once somehow and store it separately. Or should the internal storage of all
// resource records be maintained in binary?
compare_or_equal!(self, other, name_labels);
compare_or_equal!(self, other, rr_type);
compare_or_equal!(self, other, dns_class);
compare_or_equal!(self, other, ttl);
compare_or_equal!(self, other, rdata);
Ordering::Equal
}
}
impl PartialOrd<Self> for Record {
/// Canonical ordering as defined by
/// [RFC 4034](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4034#section-6), DNSSEC Resource Records, March 2005
///
/// ```text
/// 6.2. Canonical RR Form
///
/// For the purposes of DNS security, the canonical form of an RR is the
/// wire format of the RR where:
///
/// 1. every domain name in the RR is fully expanded (no DNS name
/// compression) and fully qualified;
///
/// 2. all uppercase US-ASCII letters in the owner name of the RR are
/// replaced by the corresponding lowercase US-ASCII letters;
///
/// 3. if the type of the RR is NS, MD, MF, CNAME, SOA, MB, MG, MR, PTR,
/// HINFO, MINFO, MX, HINFO, RP, AFSDB, RT, SIG, PX, NXT, NAPTR, KX,
/// SRV, DNAME, A6, RRSIG, or NSEC, all uppercase US-ASCII letters in
/// the DNS names contained within the RDATA are replaced by the
/// corresponding lowercase US-ASCII letters;
///
/// 4. if the owner name of the RR is a wildcard name, the owner name is
/// in its original unexpanded form, including the "*" label (no
/// wildcard substitution); and
///
/// 5. the RR's TTL is set to its original value as it appears in the
/// originating authoritative zone or the Original TTL field of the
/// covering RRSIG RR.
/// ```
fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
Some(self.cmp(other))
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
#![allow(clippy::dbg_macro, clippy::print_stdout)]
use std::cmp::Ordering;
use std::net::Ipv4Addr;
use std::str::FromStr;
use super::*;
use crate::rr::dns_class::DNSClass;
use crate::rr::record_data::RData;
use crate::rr::record_type::RecordType;
use crate::rr::Name;
#[allow(clippy::useless_attribute)]
#[allow(unused)]
use crate::serialize::binary::*;
#[test]
fn test_emit_and_read() {
let mut record = Record::new();
record
.set_name(Name::from_str("www.example.com").unwrap())
.set_rr_type(RecordType::A)
.set_dns_class(DNSClass::IN)
.set_ttl(5)
.set_data(Some(RData::A(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 0, 1))));
let mut vec_bytes: Vec<u8> = Vec::with_capacity(512);
{
let mut encoder = BinEncoder::new(&mut vec_bytes);
record.emit(&mut encoder).unwrap();
}
let mut decoder = BinDecoder::new(&vec_bytes);
let got = Record::read(&mut decoder).unwrap();
assert_eq!(got, record);
}
#[test]
fn test_order() {
let mut record = Record::new();
record
.set_name(Name::from_str("www.example.com").unwrap())
.set_rr_type(RecordType::A)
.set_dns_class(DNSClass::IN)
.set_ttl(5)
.set_data(Some(RData::A(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 0, 1))));
let mut greater_name = record.clone();
greater_name.set_name(Name::from_str("zzz.example.com").unwrap());
let mut greater_type = record.clone();
greater_type.set_rr_type(RecordType::AAAA);
let mut greater_class = record.clone();
greater_class.set_dns_class(DNSClass::NONE);
let mut greater_rdata = record.clone();
greater_rdata.set_data(Some(RData::A(Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 0, 255))));
let compares = vec![
(&record, &greater_name),
(&record, &greater_type),
(&record, &greater_class),
(&record, &greater_rdata),
];
assert_eq!(record.clone(), record.clone());
for (r, g) in compares {
println!("r, g: {:?}, {:?}", r, g);
assert_eq!(r.cmp(g), Ordering::Less);
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "mdns")]
#[test]
fn test_mdns_cache_flush_bit_handling() {
const RR_CLASS_OFFSET: usize = 1 /* empty name */ +
std::mem::size_of::<u16>() /* rr_type */;
let mut record = Record::new();
record.set_mdns_cache_flush(true);
let mut vec_bytes: Vec<u8> = Vec::with_capacity(512);
{
let mut encoder = BinEncoder::new(&mut vec_bytes);
record.emit(&mut encoder).unwrap();
let rr_class_slice = encoder.slice_of(RR_CLASS_OFFSET, RR_CLASS_OFFSET + 2);
assert_eq!(rr_class_slice, &[0x80, 0x01]);
}
let mut decoder = BinDecoder::new(&vec_bytes);
let got = Record::read(&mut decoder).unwrap();
assert_eq!(got.dns_class(), DNSClass::IN);
assert!(got.mdns_cache_flush());
}
}